Long-term drivers and consequences of soil degradation: learning from the past to improve future soil health

investigación innovación I+D+i desarrollo tecnológico europeo. HORIZON Research and Innovation Actions Expected Outcome: Activities under this topic will help progress towards the objectives and targets of the Mission Soil and the EU Soil Strategy for 2030 . Moreover, activities should also contribute to meeting the ambitions of the Sustainable Development Goals [1] . Project results are expected to contribute to all the following expected outcomes: policymakers and other relevant stakeholders have improved access to knowledge and quantitative data on changes in soil degradation over the past centuries to millennia across different pedo-climatic regions, alongside projections for future soil health trends under different scenarios; policymakers, land managers and other relevant stakeholders have an advanced understanding of the long-term drivers (and the similarities and differences with short-term drivers) and long-term consequences of soil degradation processes including their role in the climate and biodiversity systems and in the water and nutrient cycles, both in the past and in the future; policymakers and other relevant stakeholders have an expanded comprehension of the social and cultural factors driving historical soil degradation and societal perceptions of soil degradatio